PyQuant News

Resources for developers using Python for scientific computing and quantitative analysis

under Data Science

The Shapley value is a method used in game theory that involves fairly distributing both gains and costs to actors working in a coalition.

Since each actor contributes differently to the coalition, the Shapley value makes sure that each actor gets a fair share depending on how much they contribute.

Blankly github.com

under Quant Finance

Blankly is an elegant python library for interacting with crypto, stocks, and forex for in a consistent and streamlined way. Now, no more reading API or struggling to get data. Blankly offers a powerful feature-set, optimized for speed and ease of use, better backtesting, and ultimately better models.

We’re bridging the gap between local development systems & live APIs by building a framework which allows backtesting, paper trading, sandbox testing, and live cross-exchange deployment without modifying a single line of trading logic.

Clustering with Scikit-Learn in Python programminghistorian.org

under Machine Learning

This tutorial demonstrates how to apply clustering algorithms with Python to a dataset with two concrete use cases. The first example uses clustering to identify meaningful groups of Greco-Roman authors based on their publications and their reception. The second use case applies clustering algorithms to textual data in order to discover thematic groups. After finishing this tutorial, you will be able to use clustering in Python with Scikit-learn applied to your own data, adding an invaluable method to your toolbox for exploratory data analysis.

under Programming

In this tutorial, we will create an Ethereum token on the Polygon Network from scratch. To create our token we will use Python and Python-like programming languages (Brownie and Vyper, we will learn more about them later).

By the end of this tutorial, you will have a personal token on a real Polygon network and hopefully a better understanding of how everything works on the Ethereum network.

under Trading

The Alpaca brokerage service is very useful for algorithmic traders that comes with an API to retrieve data and execute trades in a paper or live environment. While you can also check the status and returns of your positions through the API, Alpaca has spent some time creating a frontend where users can visually check their live and paper accounts. Seeing that Alpaca is more focused on building out robust API’s for its users, the frontend is very simple and provides the bare necessities.

under Data Science

Reddit has been at the epicenter of one of the biggest movements in the world of finance, and although it seemed like an unlikely source of such a movement — it’s hardly surprising in hindsight.

The trading-focused subreddits of Reddit are the backdrop for a huge amount of discussion about what is happening in the markets — so it is only logical to tap into this huge data source.

When building a data extraction tool like this, one of the first things we need to do is identify what the data we’re extracting is actually about — and for that we will be using named entity recognition (NER).

Finance Database github.com

under Investing

As a private investor, the sheer amount of information that can be found on the internet is rather daunting. Trying to understand what type of companies or ETFs are available is incredibly challenging with there being millions of companies amd derivatives available on the market. Sure, the most traded companies and ETFs can quickly be found simply because they are known to the public (for example, Microsoft, Tesla, S&P500 ETF or an All-World ETF). However, what else is out there is often unknown.

under Data Science

In this article the author uses Reddit sentiment data to inform trading strategies. He derives market sentiment in two ways using the wallstreetbets subreddit:

  1. Collecting comments from daily discussion submissions then running the VADER sentiment model to assess overall daily positive/negative sentiment.
  2. Collecting all submission titles per day then assessing daily bullish/bearish sentiment using keyword analysis.

under Python

For the most part, this book follows the standard material taught at the University of California, Berkeley, in the class E7: Introduction to computer programming for scientists and engineers. This class is taken by most science and engineering freshmen in the College of Engineering, and by undergraduate students from other disciplines, including physics, biology, Earth, and cognitive sciences. The course was originally taught in Matlab, but with the recent trend of the data science movement at Berkeley, the Division of Data Sciences agreed on and supported the transform of this course into a Pythonoriented course to prepare students from different fields for further data science courses. 

under Trading

When trading in markets such as equities or currencies it is important to identify value areas to inform our trading decisions. One way to do this is by looking at the volume profile.

In this post, we explore quantitative methods for examining the distribution of volume over a period of time.

More specifically, we’ll be using Python and statistical and signal processing tools in SciPy’s suite of modules. Data plots are rendered with Plotly.

under Quant Finance

This library provides high-performance components leveraging the hardware acceleration support and automatic differentiation of TensorFlow. The library will provide TensorFlow support for foundational mathematical methods, mid-level methods, and specific pricing models. The coverage is being expanded over the next few months.

The library is structured along three tiers:

  1. Foundational methods. Core mathematical methods – optimisation, interpolation, root finders, linear algebra, random and quasi-random number generation, etc.
  2. Mid-level methods. ODE & PDE solvers, Ito process framework, Diffusion Path Generators, Copula samplers etc.
  3. Pricing methods and other quant finance specific utilities. Specific Pricing models (e.g Local Vol (LV), Stochastic Vol (SV), Stochastic Local Vol (SLV), Hull-White (HW)) and their calibration. Rate curve building, payoff descriptions and schedule generation.

We aim for the library components to be easily accessible at each level. Each layer will be accompanied by many examples which can be run independently of higher level components.

under Python

One of Excel’s benefits is that it offers an intuitive and powerful graphical interface for viewing your data. In contrast, pandas + a Jupyter notebook offers a lot of programmatic power but limited abilities to graphically display and manipulate a DataFrame view.

There are several tools in the Python ecosystem that are designed to fill this gap. They range in complexity from simple JavaScript libraries to complex, full-featured data analysis engines. The one common denominator is that they all provide a way to view and selectively filter your data in a graphical format. From this point of commonality they diverge quite a bit in design and functionality.

This article will review several of these DataFrame visualization options in order to give you an idea of the landscape and evaluate which ones might be useful for your analysis process.

under Trading

In this project, we are going to build a python script that will keep track of the latest bitcoin price. And it will send you a telegram message every 30 minutes (you can tweak that) with the latest 6 bitcoin prices (again you can tweak that too). You can set a minimum threshold value so that if the BTC price goes below that threshold, then the script will send an immediate alert message showing the price.

under Quant Finance

Learn how to perform algorithmic trading using Python in this complete course. Algorithmic trading means using computers to make investment decisions. Computer algorithms can make trades at a speed and frequency that is not possible by a human.

under Quant Finance


Mark 27.1 of the NAG Library contains a new routine, s30acf, for computing the implied volatility of a European option contract for arrays of input data.

This routine gives the user a choice of two algorithms. The first is the method of Jäckel (2015), which uses a third order Householder method to achieve close to machine accuracy for all but the most extreme inputs. This method is fast for short vectors of input data.

The second algorithm is based on that of Glau et al. (2018), with additional performance enhancements developed in a collaboration between NAG and mathematicians at Queen Mary University of London. This method uses Chebyshev interpolation and is designed for long vectors of input data, where vector instructions can be exploited. For applications in which accuracy to machine precision is not required, the algorithm can also be instructed to aim for accuracy to roughly single precision (approximately seven decimal places), giving even further performance improvements.

Introducing PyTorch Forecasting towardsdatascience.com

under Data Science

Forecasting time series is important in many contexts and highly relevant to machine learning practitioners. Take, for example, demand forecasting from which many use cases derive. Almost every manufacturer would benefit from better understanding demand for their products in order to optimise produced quantities. Underproduce and you will lose revenues, overproduce and you will be forced to sell excess produce at a discount. Very related is pricing, which is essentially a demand forecast with a specific focus on price elasticity. Pricing is relevant to virtually all companies.

under Machine Learning

This tutorial demonstrates porting an existing machine learning model to a virtual machine on the Microsoft Azure cloud platform. We will train a small movie recommendation model using a single GPU to give personalised recommendations. The total cost of performing this training should be no more than $5 using any of the single GPU instances currently available on Azure.

under Data Science

Training is without a doubt the most important part of developing a machine learning application. It’s when you start realizing whether or not your model is worth it, how your hyperparameters should look like and what do you need to change in your architecture. In general, most machine learning engineers spend quite some time on training, experimenting with different models, tuning their architecture and discovering the best metrics and losses for their problem.

under Data Science

This book covers the building blocks of the most common methods in machine learning. This set of methods is like a toolbox for machine learning engineers. Those entering the field of machine learning should feel comfortable with this toolbox so they have the right tool for a variety of tasks. Each chapter in this book corresponds to a single machine learning method or group of methods. In other words, each chapter focuses on a single tool within the ML toolbox.

under Machine Learning

In order to implement an algorithmic trading strategy though, you have to first narrow down a list of stocks that you want to analyze. This walk-through provides an automated process (using python and logistic regression) for determining the best stocks to algo-trade.

I will dive deeper into the logic and code below, but here is a high-level overview of the process:

  1. Import the historical data of every stock using yahoo finance.
  2. Pull in over 32 technical indicators for each stock using the technical analysis library.
  3. Perform a logistic regression on each stock using 5, 30, and 60 day observation time periods.
  4. Interpret the results.

under Python

Array programming provides a powerful, compact and expressive syntax for accessing, manipulating and operating on data in vectors, matrices and higher-dimensional arrays. NumPy is the primary array programming library for the Python language. It has an essential role in research analysis pipelines in fields as diverse as physics, chemistry, astronomy, geoscience, biology, psychology, materials science, engineering, finance and economics. 

under Machine Learning

In this tutorial, you will be learning how to build powerful time-series forecasting model of your own using various kinds of deep learning algorithms such as Dense Neural Networks (DNN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN). Also, this course is an elaboration of the time-series forecasting tutorial by TensorFlow.

under Trading

It’s easy to get carried away with the wealth of data and free open-source tools available for data science. After spending a little bit of time with the quandl financial library and the prophet modeling library, I decided to try some simple stock data exploration. Several days and 1000 lines of Python later, I ended up with a complete stock analysis and prediction tool. Although I am not confident (or foolish) enough to use it to invest in individual stocks, I learned a ton of Python in the process and in the spirit of open-source, want to share my results and code so others can benefit.

under Python

The price of energy changes hourly, which opens up the possibility of temporal arbitrage: buying energy at a low price, storing it, and selling it later at a higher price. To successfully execute any temporal arbitrage strategy, some amount of confidence in future prices is required, to be able to expect to make a profit. In the case of energy arbitrage, the constraints of the energy storage system must also be considered. For example, batteries have limited capacity, limited rate of charging, and are not 100% efficient in that not all of the energy used to charge a battery will be available later for discharge.

Machine Learning & Deep Learning Fundamentals https://deeplizard.com/learn/playlist/PLZbbT5o_s2xq7LwI2y8_QtvuXZedL6tQU

under Machine Learning

This series explains concepts that are fundamental to deep learning and artificial neural networks for beginners. In addition to covering these concepts, we also show how to implement some of the concepts in code using Keras, a neural network API written in Python. We will learn about layers in an artificial neural network, activation functions, backpropagation, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), data augmentation, transfer learning and much more!

under Python

Exchange rates API is a simple and lightweight free service for current and historical foreign exchange rates.

under Investing

Since its emergence in Asia late 2019, the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic has been devastating. The virus spread to most countries causing severe respiratory infections and many human casualties. The virus also put half of the world population in lockdown which resulted in a slowdown of the world economy and a fall in stock prices.

The goal of this tutorial is to introduce the steps for collecting and analyzing stock data in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. To do this, we will use Python, Google Sheets and Google Finance.

under Quant Finance

In finance, computation efficiency can be directly converted to trading profits sometimes. Quants are facing the challenges of trading off research efficiency with computation efficiency. Using Python can produce succinct research codes, which improves research efficiency. However, vanilla Python code is known to be slow and not suitable for production. In this post, I explore how to use Python GPU libraries to achieve the state-of-the-art performance in the domain of exotic option pricing. 

under Machine Learning

The experience while accessing the AI platform and running machine learning (ML) training code on the platform must be smooth and easy for the researchers. Migrating any ML code from a local environment to the platform should not require any refactoring of the code at all. Infrastructure configuration overhead should be minimal. Our mission while developing PyKrylov was to abstract the ML logic from the infrastructure and Krylov core components as much as possible in order to achieve the best experience for the platform users.